نشریه مطالعات اخلاق کاربردی
سال دوازدهم شماره 48 (زمستان 1401)

The axiological basics of nutrition ethics are propositions extracted from Islamic texts that show the concept and place of values in nutrition ethics, the types of values, their precedence and characteristics, and a general and comprehensive picture of desirable values. They present the ethics of nutrition. The purpose of this research is to introduce the axiological basics of nutrition ethics from Islamic perspective. The main question of this research is: What are the axiological basics of nutrition ethics from Islamic perspective? By collecting data from libraries and using first-hand religious sources and analyzing them, the present research came to the conclusion that the axiological basics of nutrition ethics are: axiological realism in nutrition style; Paying attention to the difference between intrinsic values and other values in nutrition; separation of instrumental values from the ultimate ones; absolute and fixed values, transtemporality and translocality of values; provability of real values in nutrition; the moral values of nutrition based on objective facts; the relationship between voluntary and conscious act of eating and its result; and dividing nutritional benefits into spiritual and material ones.

The present research, which was conducted with the aim of investigating and explaining the efforts made in the field of conceptualization of moral character; It is a systematic review that was done using the library review method. To carry out the research, Farsi and English keywords of moral character, ethics, and character virtues were searched in well-known databases from 1970 to 2023, and 38 articles were extracted. Thirty-two articles were selected based on the criteria of the degree of connection with the research topic, the credibility of the authors, and the publishing journal, and the rest were discarded. The findings showed that moral psychologists had examined personality traits related to moral behavior in recent years to predict moral behavior. Following the recent orientations, various models have emerged under different titles but with the same theme of moral character. Among the models of moral character, the three-component model of Cohen and colleagues (2014) seems to be the one that conceptualizes moral character in the form of a multifaceted structure, including motivational, ability and identity components; it should be more comprehensive in determining and conceptualizing the constituent components and mechanisms of an ethical character. The findings of this study research can be effective both theoretically and practically. Theoretically, the personality antecedents of ethical and unethical behavior have been interpreted. In addition, from the practical point of view, these findings can help psychologists interested in this field to evaluate moral character. In addition, the present research findings can effectively determine the appropriate criteria during the selection and recruitment of organizations.

The materialistic lifestyle of today's man has proposed entertainment as an escape from problems and to reach the alleged ideals of the new human civilization; However, according to many critics, this popular issue has also faced challenges and harm to humans. Since examining the Islamic point of view to overcome the challenges in this field is a worthy matter and as the knowledge of ethics and specifically practical ethics is responsible for valuing human actions, in challenging cases, this article, with a descriptive-analytical method, seeks to determine the necessity of entertainment in the Islamic lifestyle from the perspective of the ethical teachings of Islam. In the current research, from the application of Islamic ethics teachings on entertainment, these results were obtained that: the main reason for the need for entertainment in the Islamic lifestyle is not the industrialization of societies or things such as instinct, hedonism in the sense of what the hedonists say or religion, but The main source of this need is human nature; Based on this, it is necessary to deal with entertainment in the lifestyle to such an extent that it can be considered as one of the basic components of a wise life and not devoting time to it is considered an irrational and reprehensible behavior; However, entertainment should not be done in an extreme way and in such a way that it causes people to neglect their other important activities.

At first, "helping" people, especially the poor and hungry, is considered obvious and desirable in the eyes of the general public. But with a closer look at this issue, challenges and complexities gradually appear, forcing researchers in different fields to pay more attention. One of those issues is the issue of population growth and its impact on the environment. In the meantime, considering that generally the poorest countries are among the most populated, the question is raised once again that considering the current state of the planet, is it a moral necessity to help them and ensure the survival of all people in these countries? Does this mean that helping them is an inviolable responsibility and on the shoulders of the individual human beings? In this article, while examining the opinion of the opponents of aid, we have addressed this issue from two moral (with a utilitarian approach) and Islamic (according to the moral views of Islam and Shia jurisprudence) perspectives and came to the conclusion that although the challenge raised from the issues It is important in our era, but what should be paid attention to is changing the methods of support and assistance and not erasing the problem, which means not helping the poor and leaving them in suffering and hardship.

The purpose of this research is content analysis of educational and moral concepts in the educational poems and stories of the primary schools affiliated to Dar Al-Qur'an. A mixed research method with qualitative and quantitative quality was done. The statistical population was all the educational poems and stories of the preschool centers of Darul-Qur'an in Isfahan in the last 5 years. The purposeful sampling method was homogenous. The findings of the qualitative and quantitative analysis and Chi-square test indicate that religious doctrines and rules, social customs, lifestyle, respect for parents and recommendations for cleanliness are common moral and educational concepts in the poems and stories of preschool centers. The amount of repetition of moral and educational concepts of religious teachings and commandments, respect for parents and recommendations for cleanliness among the three sections of religious poems and stories and stories based on the principles and perspectives of psychology showed a significant difference at the level (p<0.01) and this The difference in the teaching of religious doctrines and rulings and recommendations for cleanliness among Quranic poems and the teaching of respect and kindness to parents in stories based on the perspective of psychology showed a higher percentage. Based on this research, it can be acknowledged that some moral and educational concepts have been paid attention to, and some have been neglected and even neglected, and that efforts can be made in this field by applying the teachings of the Qur'an and psychology with the method of stories and poems. To achieve the goals we have in raising our children.

In today's age, the function and importance of virtual space is not hidden from anyone; In addition to moral virtues, this environment has also led to moral problems. The best way to deal with moral problems caused by it is an active and wise method; In this method, while accepting the facts of the virtual space, it is tried to clean its environment from moral vices and restore morals in this space. Religious ethics, by providing moral principles taken from revelation sources, seeks to reduce the moral problems of this space and provide moral values for virtual life, and as a result, to create a moral environment for virtual citizens. The main goal of this research is to answer questions related to the value bases of actions and moral responsibilities of people related to virtual space. Therefore, the main research question is what are the values and general moral principles of virtual space from a religious perspective? The research method is in terms of information gathering, library and field observation of virtual space, in terms of information presentation, analytical and practical in terms of purpose. Among the findings of this research is the explanation of the most important general ethical principles of virtual space; These ethical principles include the observance of justice, trustworthiness, avoiding harm, preserving the privacy of others, honesty and sensitivity to promoting virtues and preventing vices for all people related to virtual space, including virtual content producers, content users, and custodian governmental institutions. It is virtual space.